In 1820, Portugal experienced the Constitutional Revolution, which was initiated by the liberal constitutionals. This revolution led to the Constituent Assembly’s meeting and deciding to create the first constitution of the Kingdom and to demand the return of King Dom João VI from Brazil.
The Brazilian inhabitants had, by this stage, become completely outraged by the Cortes’ actions. This resulted in the uprising of the Bonificans (led by Bonifácio de Andrade) and the Liberals (supported by the Freemasons and led by Joaquim Gonçalves Ledo). These two groups were united only by the fact that they wanted to keep Brazil united with Portugal as a sovereign monarchy
In August 1822, Pedro went to Sao Paulo to pledge loyalty to the Brazilian cause.
On September 22 1822, Brazil became independent